喜樂美語
  1. 1麻疹（不是「德國麻疹」，那是另一種病）

    Measles is a very illness, usually from a virus. You get a fever, feel wretched, and then small red spots spread over your face and body. It is famous as a children's illness, though adults can catch it too, and it can be dangerous — not 'just a rash'. People say you have measles or have the measles; the word looks like a plural, but it is the name of the sickness, like . Because so many children now get a vaccine, measles has become rare in some places, and then it surprises people when it comes back. Do not mix it with German measles (a different illness) or with chickenpox. The name most likely comes from old Dutch or north-German words for blood or red marks on the skin. An older English word mesel, for a person with , also tugged at how measles sounds, and at some older senses.

From the word’s history

Either from Middle Dutch masels or Middle Low German maselen 'red blemishes', both from Old High German masala.

源自中古荷蘭文 masels 或中古低地德文 maselen「紅斑」。

Wiktionary

組成Most likely from Middle Dutch masels or Middle Low German maselen, red spots or blood blisters, from an older German word for a blood blister. Later the sound was pulled a little by mesel, an old word for a leper.

同家族的字

  • measlyBuilt from the old singular measle; it first meant spotty-sick, then 'shamefully small'.

原始詞典資料13 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

measlesnoun詞源 1/ˈmizəlz/

  • 1

    medicinepathologysciencesAn acute and highly contagious disease which often afflicts children caused by the virus Measles morbillivirus and causing red rashes, fever, runny nose, coughing, and red eyes.

    • Maybe it's the 'measles. They say they're going around the neighborhood.
    • Olivia, my eldest daughter, caught measles when she was seven years old. As the illness took its usual course I can remember reading to her often in bed and not feeling particularly alarmed about it.
  • 2

    obsoletemedicinepathologysciencesAny disease causing red rashes.

  • 3

    obsoleteUsed as an intensifier.

    • Why the meazills, should you stand heere, with your traine...
  • 4

    biologymedicinenatural-sciencesSynonym of cysticercosis: A disease of livestock or meat caused by the presence of tapeworm larvae.

    • The Swyne dyed of the Measils.
    • Porcine measles, thought by classical writers to be leprosy, is actually the result of tapeworm cysts which cause ulcerations of the pig's tongue.
  • 5

    obsoletebiologybotanynatural-sciencesAny disease causing a tree's bark to become rough and irregular.

    • Their fruit-trees are subject to two diseases, the Meazels... and lowsiness.
  • 6

    espionagegovernmentmilitaryA discreet assassination made to look like death from any natural cause.

    • […] they would prefer having him "die of the measles," as wags at the CIA put it, than be punished by legal means. If there is no convenient way of administering the "measles," they may even favor simply letting him go.
    • Such final solutions, sometimes referred to as termination with extreme prejudice, are known in the CIA as dying of the measles — that is, the death appears to be of natural causes.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

  • measle
  • mesels

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。