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Lily-livered means not brave — a coward. It is an old, colourful way to say that, not a note about health. Though actually, the picture is hundreds of years old: people once believed courage lived in the liver. A liver with plenty of blood would look dark and red; a “lily” liver would be pale, as if it had no blood, and so no courage. Shakespeare used the word, and that is still the flavour it has: a little like a play, sometimes a joke, not the word you throw at a friend in ordinary talk unless you are playing. In everyday English, people say coward, scared, or not brave. You will meet lily-livered in stories, in films that want an old sound, and in writing that is showing off a bit.
膽小的、懦弱的(古雅、戲曲味的罵法;日常較常說「沒種」「膽小鬼」)
組成lily + livered. Lily here is the pale flower; livered means having that kind of liver. From the old belief that the liver was the seat of courage, and from the pale colour of the lily. First famous in Shakespeare, around 1603–1606.
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
lily-liveredadj
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Cowardly, lacking courage.
- Stew[ard],^([sic]) What doſt thou know me for? / Kent. […] [A] lilly lyuer'd action taking knaue, […] one that would'ſt bee a baud in way of good ſeruice, and art nothing but the compoſition of a knaue, begger, coward, pander, and the ſonne and heire of a mungrell bitch, […]
- Go pricke thy face, and ouer-red thy feare / Thou Lilly-liuer'd Boy.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。