- 1地衣（不是青苔；青苔是 moss）
The grey, green, or yellow covering that spreads over stone, walls, and tree bark — sometimes a thin crust, sometimes little leaf-like flakes. People call it a plant, and it looks like one. Though actually it is not one plant: it is a fungus living with a tiny green partner (an alga, or something like one). The fungus holds on and keeps water; the green partner makes food from light. You see it on old graves, mountain rock, and the shady side of trees. It grows slowly and does not need soil. Students often point at moss and say lichen. Moss is a small green plant with tiny stems; lichen is usually flatter, crustier, and stuck tight to the surface.
組成Borrowed from Latin līchēn, from Ancient Greek leikhḗn, from a verb meaning “to lick” — perhaps because it looks as if it is licking the stone. People first used the word for liverwort; the rock-and-tree meaning we use now is from the 1700s.
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
lichennoun/ˈlaɪ.kən/
- 1
Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.
- The Beaches of Lukannon–the winter wheat so tall, / The dripping, crinkled lichens, and the sea-fog drenching all!
- It was the same rich green that one sees on forest moss or on the lichen in caves: plants which like these grow in a perpetual twilight.
- 2
Something which gradually spreads across something else, causing damage.
- Meanwhile, abiding a day of judgment, she fought ceaselessly to deny the bitter drops in her cup, to tear back the slow, the intangibly slow growth of a hot, corrosive lichen eating into her heart.
lichenverb/ˈlaɪ.kən/
- 1
To cover with lichen.
- […] making the rocks assume the mould of age and lichening the trees with damp beauty.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。