Johannesburg is the biggest city in South Africa, and the country's main centre for business, money, and industry. People often shorten the name to Jo'burg, and many locals call it Jozi.

Johannesburg is the biggest city in South AfricaJohannesburg(約翰尼斯堡)是南非最大的城市 and the country's main centre for business, money, and industry也是這個國家商業、金融、工業的主要中心。People often shorten the name to Jo'burg大家常把名字簡稱成Jo'burg and many locals call it Jozi很多當地人則叫它Jozi

Though actually, it is not the capital. South Africa splits that job: Pretoria for government offices, Cape Town for parliament, Bloemfontein for the highest courts.

Though actually, it is not the capital不過其實它並不是首都。South Africa splits that job南非把首都的功能分成好幾個城市 Pretoria for government offices行政首都是Pretoria(普利托利亞) Cape Town for parliament立法(國會)首都是Cape Town(開普敦) Bloemfontein for the highest courts司法首都是Bloemfontein(布隆方丹)

Johannesburg grew fast after gold was found nearby in the late 1800s. The name was borrowed from Dutch: Johannes (a form of the name John) plus burg, a Germanic word for a town or fortress.

Johannesburg grew fast after gold was found nearby in the late 1800s十九世紀末，附近發現黃金之後，Johannesburg快速發展了起來。The name was borrowed from Dutch這個名字是從荷蘭文借來的 Johannes (a form of the name John) plus burgJohannes(John這個名字的一種形式)加上burg a Germanic word for a town or fortressburg是日耳曼語裡指城鎮或堡壘的字

For much of the twentieth century, under apartheid — a system of laws that kept people apart by race and treated Black people as less — Black people were not allowed to live in the city itself. They had to live in townships outside it, especially Soweto. That rule ended when apartheid ended, but the history still shapes the city.

For much of the twentieth century, under apartheid在二十世紀的大半時間裡，在apartheid(種族隔離)制度下 — a system of laws that kept people apart by race and treated Black people as less ——一套用種族把人分開、把黑人當成低一等的法律制度—— Black people were not allowed to live in the city itself黑人是不被允許住在市區本身的。They had to live in townships outside it他們得住在市區外的townships(黑人城鎮) especially Soweto特別是Soweto(索維托)。That rule ended when apartheid ended這條規定在apartheid結束時也跟著結束了 but the history still shapes the city但那段歷史至今仍影響著這座城市