核心畫面

Behind almost every meaning sits the man's name Jack — for centuries the , 'any common fellow'. From there English used 'jack' for small machines and that quietly do a working man's job, and for small stand-in objects named after the fellow. So picture a humble little helper-thing named after an ordinary guy: that thread runs through the lifting tool, the socket, the small game pieces, and even the card with the young man on it.

幾乎每個意思背後都站著人名 Jack——幾百年來他就是「隨便哪個普通男子、平凡的小夥子」。從這裡,英文就把 jack更多收起幾乎每個意思背後都站著人名 Jack——幾百年來他就是「隨便哪個普通男子、平凡的小夥子」。從這裡,英文就把 jack 拿來指那些默默替你做苦工的小機器、小裝置,也拿來指一些以這位「小夥子」命名的小東西。所以可以想成:一個以平凡男子命名、不起眼卻幫你做事的小幫手。這條線索串起了千斤頂、插孔、遊戲裡的小子,甚至那張畫著年輕男子的牌。

From the word’s history

Jack, a familiar form of John, became the generic name for 'any common fellow' (mirroring French Jacques). From the late 14c. it was applied to mechanical contrivances that 'do the work of common servants', and by 1703 specifically to the device for raising heavy weights.

Jack 本是 John 的暱稱,後來變成「隨便一個普通男子」的通稱(和法文 Jacques 一樣)。從十四世紀末起,這個名字被借去稱那些「替人做僕役粗活」的機械裝置,到 1703 年更專指「把重物從下往上頂起來」的工具。

etymonline.com/word/Jack

Four branches

替你做苦工的小裝置

直接承接核心:以平凡男子 Jack 命名、默默幫你出力或接線的小機器。

a jack (lifting tool) · noun · B2

A tool used to lift a heavy thing, like a car, off the ground and hold it up in the air.

千斤頂

畫著小夥子的那張牌

這裡直接回到「Jack=年輕小夥子」的本義:撲克牌上那個比皇后小、地位低一階的年輕男子,就以這位平凡小夥命名。

the jack (playing card) · noun · B1

A playing card with a picture of a young man on it, worth more than a ten and less than a queen.

撲克牌 J

遊戲裡的小子與目標球

沿用「以這位小夥命名、體積小的小東西」這層意思:遊戲裡那些要去抓、去靠近的小物件,都借 jack 之名。

jacks (children's game) · noun · B2

jacks — a children's game where players pick up small metal pieces while bouncing and catching a ball.

抓子遊戲

粗俗口語:啥都沒有

從「Jack=隨便哪個阿貓阿狗、最普通最不值錢的東西」滑向「連最起碼的一點都沒有」,成了強調「一無所有」的粗話。

jack (slang, nothing/anything) · noun · B2

In rude American slang, jack means 'anything at all' — used to say someone knows or has nothing.

啥都沒有(粗俗)

原始詞典資料66 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Jackname/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    A unisex given name derived from a pet form of the name John. Occasionally a diminutive of other given names such as Jackson, Jacob, Jacqueline or Jonathan.

    • Since every Jack became a gentleman there's many a gentle person made a Jack.
    • Heere comes leane Iacke, heere comes bare-bone. How now my ſweet Creature of Bombaſt, how long is't agoe, Iacke, ſince thou ſaw'ſt thine owne Knee?
  • 2

    A surname.

  • 3

    Jack Daniel's, a brand of Tennessee whiskey.

    • Before I leave, brush my teeth with a bottle of Jack.
    • Got a boy back home in Michigan / And it tastes like Jack when I'm kissing him / So I told him that I never really liked his friends / Now he's gone and he's calling me a bitch again
  • 4

    An unincorporated community in Coffee County, Alabama, United States.

  • 5

    An unincorporated community in Dent County, Missouri, United States.

Jacknoun/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    informalA placeholder or conventional name for any man, particularly a younger, lower-class man.

    • Well, if you ever plan to motor west / Jack, take my way, it's the highway that's the best / Get your kicks on Route 66
  • 2

    A jacqueminot rose.

jacknoun詞源 1/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    A coarse medieval coat of defence, especially one made of leather.

    • jack of plate
    • jack of mail

jacknoun詞源 2/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    A man.

    • After Dinner they frisk away to some known Place of Rendezvous, where (at Night) every Jack has his Jill and every Jill has her Jack.
  • 2

    A man.

    • Call you me daughter? now I promiſe you / You haue ſhewd a tender fatherly regard, / To wiſh me wed to one halfe Lunaticke, / A mad-cap ruffian, and a ſwearing Iacke, / That thinkes with oathes to face the matter out.
  • 3

    A man.

  • 4

    slangA man.

    • When Wardell arrived on the scene, they were surprised to find that he was unshaven, and did not look too happy. One of them remarked: "The 'Jacks' (detectives) are after you."
    • 'I'd like you to meet DCI Henry Christie,' FB was saying. The older of the two jacks reached forward and gave Henry's right paw a quick tug.
  • 5

    archaicA man.

  • 6

    A man.

  • 7

    historicalslangA man.

    • I hope to God his theories will not unman him in action, that he will not be musing and refining when he should be leading the Jacks […]
  • 8

    A mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

    • Our hero, among his other remarks, had obſerved, that in this place there was no ſuch utenſil as a jack, and that all the ſpits were turned by dogs, […]
另外 34 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    A mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

    • Do I envy those jacks that nimble leap / To kiss the tender inward of thy hand, / Whilst my poor lips, which should that harvest reap, / At the wood's boldness by thee blushing stand!
    • [W]hat the devil makes you so dull, Letitia? I thought to have found you popping about as brisk as the jacks of your harpsichord.
  • 10

    artscraftsglassblowingA mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 11

    obsoleteA mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 12

    A mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 13

    A mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

    • She used a jack to lift her car and changed the tire.
  • 14

    A mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 15

    archaicbusinessminingA mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 16

    obsoleteA mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 17

    obsoleteA mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

  • 18

    businesselectrical-engineeringelectricityA mechanical device or utensil used for lifting.

    • telephone jack
  • 19

    historicalregionalA non-tool object or thing.

    • Dead VVine that ſtinks of the Borrachio, ſup / From a fovvl Jack, or greaſie Maple Cup?
    • He had his tea and hot rolls in a morning, while we were battening upon our quarter-of-a-penny loaf—our crug—moistened with attenuated small beer, in wooden piggings, smacking of the pitched leathern jack it was poured from.
  • 20

    card-gamesgamesA non-tool object or thing.

  • 21

    obsoleteA non-tool object or thing.

  • 22

    A non-tool object or thing.

    • like an uninstructed bowler, so to speak, who thinks to attain the jack, by delivering his bowl straight forward upon it
  • 23

    nauticaltransportA non-tool object or thing.

  • 24

    archaichistoricalregionalA non-tool object or thing.

    • To a pound of sugar put a jack of water.
  • 25

    obsoleteslangA non-tool object or thing.

  • 26

    archaichistoricalnauticaltransportA non-tool object or thing.

  • 27

    gamesA non-tool object or thing.

  • 28

    A non-tool object or thing.

    • a heron when seeing a deer attracted by the jack
  • 29

    slangA non-tool object or thing.

    • First off Regan carried fifteen grand, packed it in his clothes all the time. Real money, they tell me. Not just a top card and a bunch of hay. That's a lot of jack (or jack-shit) […].
    • Angels come from everywhere with lots of jack, and when you lose it, there's no attack. Where could you get money that you don't give back? Let's go on with the show
  • 30

    A non-tool object or thing.

    • [A] quart of raisin jack was divided between us with the result that tha day proper (after the night before) was spent very quietly, watered and Bromo-Seltzered, with amusing anecdotes occasionally sprouting from towelled head to towelled head.
  • 31

    slangA non-tool object or thing.

    • You haven't done jack. Get up and get this room cleaned up right now!
    • Sergeant Albrecht: Hey, c'mon, read the file! Shelly Webster, held on for 30 hours in intensive care and, her body finally just gave up. I saw it man, I couldn't do jack for her.
  • 32

    slangball-gamescricketgamesA non-tool object or thing.

  • 33

    slangA non-tool object or thing.

  • 34

    A plant or animal.

  • 35

    A plant or animal.

  • 36

    A plant or animal.

  • 37

    A plant or animal.

    • Cottontails were taken along the creeks, under the willows. Their flesh was preferable to that of the jacks[…]"
  • 38

    A plant or animal.

  • 39

    A plant or animal.

  • 40

    A plant or animal.

    • Usually a jack that makes male flowers has only one main leaf (right), while female plants have two. […] The specific taxonomy of Jack-in-the Pulpit, a member of the Arum Family (Araceae), is rather up in the air. Some botanists believe all jacks are just one species, Arisaema triphyllum, while others claim there are as many as three: A. triphyllum, A. atrorubens, and A. stewardsonii.
    • In fact, most male Jacks are under 14 inches tall. Most Jacks over 14 inches tend to be Jills.
  • 41

    A plant or animal.

    • Lifting the flap at the top of the spathe reveals our slender and round-headed friend "Jack," known better to botanists as the spadix.
    • On every kid’s list of favourite plants is our quirky Jack-in-the-pulpit with its green, red or purple spadices (the Jacks) and hooded green-, red- or almost black-striped spathes (the pulpits).
  • 42

    A plant or animal.

jackverb詞源 2/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    To physically raise using a jack.

    • He jacked the car so that he could replace the brake pads.
    • Large cranes were virtually non-existent in the areas I worked with this truck, so we jacked everything on and off[.]
  • 2

    To raise or increase.

    • If you want to jack your stats you just write off failures as invalid results.
  • 3

    To increase the potency of an alcoholic beverage similarly to distillation by chilling it to below the freezing point of water, removing the water ice crystals that form, and leaving the still-liquid alcoholic portion.

    • Fruit of the orchard has been "jacked" these many generations, with Plymouth Rockers putting the hard cider barrel down into the ground to freeze, and […]
    • The potency of a jacked beverage depends on the temperature applied to the original beverage; the colder the liquor, the more water can be frozen out […]. In New England, where this technique was historically used, people could get applejack to around 30 percent alcohol […].
  • 4

    To steal (something), typically an automobile; to rob (someone).

    • Someone jacked my car last night!
    • A kid in a M3's getting jacked right in front of me
  • 5

    To dance by moving the torso forward and backward in a rippling motion.

  • 6

    vulgarTo jack off, to masturbate.

    • I don't even care about mine, I can get my shit off while jacking in the shower.
  • 7

    To fight.

  • 8

    informalTo jerk or move by jerking; to remove or move (something).

jackadj詞源 2/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    Tired, disillusioned; fed up (with).

    • In the end, black and white were both crawling on the ground in reconciliation. Both saying that they were plain jack of each other.

jacknoun詞源 3/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    The jackfruit.

    • A mock living burial of the principal performer, who is placed in a pit, which is covered with planks, on the top of which a sacrifice is performed, with a fire kindled with jack wood (Artocarpus integrifolia) and a plant called erinna.

jacknoun詞源 4/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    A plant of the species Mangifera caesia.

jacknoun詞源 5/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    slangball-gamesbaseballgamesA home run.

    • The year before ('76) Kingman had 37 jacks with only 502 PAs. Is that the limit?
    • Me three. I never have quite understood all the "three true outcomes" fetish around here. I mean, I know that building an offense around walks and 3-run jacks embodies the Sabermetric Virtues, and especially in today's conditions that's the way to win, but man, it sure leads to some slow, boring games.

jackverb詞源 5/ˈd͡ʒæk/

  • 1

    slangball-gamesbaseballgamesTo hit (the ball) hard; especially, to hit (the ball) out of the field, producing a home run.

    • An excellent piece of work, Wayne thought, so good in fact, he wasn’t surprised when Bailey walked to the plate and on the first pitch jacked the ball far into the parking lot outside the left-field fence for a tournament winning homerun.
    • Therefore, even though Vizquel is certainly not a power hitter, at times he will try to jack the ball, perhaps pulling it with just enough oomph to carry down the line for a homer.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。