- 1氫；氫氣
Hydrogen is a gas with no colour and no smell. It is the lightest of all the chemical elements — lighter even than the in party balloons. Its symbol is H, and it is element number 1. On its own it usually travels as H₂, two atoms joined together. When hydrogen joins with oxygen, you get water; that is why it was named “the water-maker.” Factories use it to make ammonia (for ) and many other chemicals, and people now talk about it as a clean fuel, because burning it gives water, not smoke. Though actually, making the hydrogen in the first place often still uses a lot of energy, and a mix of hydrogen and air can explode — old learned that the hard way. In school science it is one of the first elements you meet. The word is formal and scientific; you would not use it when you mean water in daily talk.
From the word’s history
From French hydrogène, coined by Guyton de Morveau and Lavoisier from hydro- 'water' + -gène 'producer'.
借自法文 hydrogène，由「水」加「產生者」造出來的字。
組成Borrowed from French hydrogène, coined by the French chemist Louis-Bernard Guyton and others. hydro- is from Greek for water; -gène / -gen means “that produces” — so hydrogen is “the thing that makes water.”
原始詞典資料5 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
hydrogennoun/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/
- 1
chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesThe lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008.
- Our professor then reminded us that a hydrogen ion is merely a proton, and thus we should think about acid-base theory as we consider this problem further.
- The ignis fatuus or Jack a lantern, ſo frequently alluded to by poets, is ſuppoſed to originate from the inflammable air, or Hydrogene, given up from moraſſes; […]
- 2
chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesThe lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008.
- Each carbon of the ring has one hydrogen attached except for the fourth one, which is bonded to a substituent.
- Water occupies an intermediate position and shows tendencies both to add and give up hydrogen, which are nearly balanced. Then, in terms of the Lewis theory, a free pair of electrons on one water molecule might be able to exert sufficient force on a hydrogen held by a pair of electrons on another water molecule to bind the two molecules together.
- 3
chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesMolecular hydrogen (sense 1; symbol H₂), a colourless, odourless and flammable gas at room temperature.
- A large tank of hydrogen constituted most of the bulk of that rocket.
- [Jacques] Charles was the first to send up a hydrogen balloon, 12 feet in diameter, which rose 3,123 feet, disappeared in the clouds, and fell at the distance of 15 miles.
- 4
chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesMolecular hydrogen (sense 1; symbol H₂), a colourless, odourless and flammable gas at room temperature.
- 5
chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesSynonym of protium (“the lightest and most common isotope of hydrogen (sense 1; symbol H, ¹H, or 11H), as contrasted with deuterium and tritium”).
- Both hydrogen and deuterium are present in every glass of water that you drink, but the amount of deuterium is rather small.
- Hydrogen is generally considered to be electronically the same as deuterium. […] Neutron diffraction experiments by Ferguson, Schindler, Tanaka, and Morita (ref. 4) revealed that, near 50K, some hydrogen had moved from interstitial octahedral sites (0, 0, 1/2; 1/2, 0, 0; …) of the palladium lattice to the tetrahedral sites (1/4, 1/4, 1/4; 3/4, 3/4; …) (O-T transitions).
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。