Fumigation is the job, the treatment, the event: filling a place with smoke, gas, or strong chemicals to kill insects, vermin, bacteria, or disease. If workers fumigate a flat, the flat has a fumigation. Notices go on the door; people stay out; afterwards someone opens every window and waits. You will see the word on warehouse signs, in farm and quarantine talk, and in news stories after a pest outbreak. It names the process, not the smell left behind (those are fumes) and not the person doing it. Though actually, English has used a form of this word since the Middle Ages, coming up through French from Latin, always with that smoke-in-the-air picture. Today the smoke is often a measured chemical, but the caution is the same: fumigation is strong medicine for a building, and you do not wander back in until you are told it is safe.

燻蒸；燻蒸消毒（指整件事、那道工序）