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An epaulette is a small piece of cloth — sometimes stiff, sometimes with gold braid or a little strap — sewn or on the shoulder of a coat, jacket, or shirt. You see them most on military uniforms, where they can mark rank, but they also appear on school uniforms, airline uniforms, and fashion jackets that only want the look. Though actually, it is not the same as a shoulder pad, which sits inside the cloth to change the shape of the shoulder; an epaulette sits on the outside, like a small badge for the shoulder. British spelling keeps the extra -te (epaulette); American spelling often it to epaulet. Both name the same thing.
肩章
組成From French épaulette: épaule (“shoulder”) + -ette (a little one). So, a little shoulder-piece.
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
epaulettenoun/ˈɛpəlɛt/
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An ornamentation, worn on the shoulders of a military uniform, as a sign of rank.
- He would have answered for it at the end of a quarter of an hour that some of the glass cases contained swords and epaulettes of ancient colonels and generals; medals and orders once pinned over hearts that had long since ceased to beat; […]
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A similar piece of trimming on a lady’s dress.
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A plate on the anterior wings of some insects.
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The red patch on the shoulders of a red-winged blackbird.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。