- 1熵（物理、資訊科學用語）
In science, entropy is a way of talking about lack of order in a system — and about the idea that this lack of order tends to grow as time passes. Energy spreads out. A hot drink cools. Ink in water mixes and does not unmix itself. In a closed system, things do not tidy themselves; they drift toward a more mixed, less useful state. That is the home of the word, in physics, and later also in the study of information (how mixed or uncertain a message is). Outside science, writers borrow it to mean “everything is sliding into a mess” — a room, a company, a country. That loose use is common in essays, but it is a borrowing. The careful meaning is a measured one, not just a fancy for chaos. The word was coined in German in the 1860s to sit next to energy.
From the word’s history
From German Entropie, coined in 1865 by Clausius after Energie, using Ancient Greek τροπή 'transformation'.
譯自德文 Entropie，克勞修斯 1865 年用希臘文「轉變」造的字。
組成First attested in 1867, translating German Entropie, coined in 1865 by Rudolph Clausius on the model of Energie (“energy”). He kept the shape of energy but replaced the Greek piece for “work” (érgon) with Greek tropḗ, “transformation.”
同家族的字
- energyEntropie was coined to sit beside Energie: same kind of word-shape, with the Greek piece for “work” swapped for the Greek piece for “turning / change”
原始詞典資料7 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
entropynoun/ˈɛntɹəpi/
- 1
A measure of the disorder present in a system.
- 2
computingengineeringinformation-theoryA measure of the disorder present in a system.
- 3
natural-sciencesphysical-sciencesphysicsA measure of the amount of energy in a physical system that cannot be used to do work.
- Near-synonym: unavailable energy
- 4
The capacity factor for thermal energy that is hidden with respect to temperature.
- 5
The dispersal of energy; how much energy is spread out in a process, or how widely spread out it becomes, at a specific temperature.
- 6
computingengineeringinformation-theoryA measure of the amount of information and noise present in a signal.
- 7
The tendency of a system that is left to itself to descend into chaos.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。