- 1生態系統
An ecosystem is all the living things in a particular area — plants, animals, fungi, tiny life in the soil — together with the non-living things they need, like water, light, air and rock, and the way they keep one another going. A pond can be an ecosystem; so can a coral reef, a patch of rainforest, a city park, or, if you zoom right out, a much bigger slice of the earth. The word is not just a list of animals. It is the list plus the relationships: who eats, who shelters, what rot feeds the next plant, what happens if one piece is taken away. Scientists use it as a technical word. School books and news use it too, sometimes a bit loosely, as if it only meant “nature in a place.” Though actually, a parking lot with weeds in the cracks is an ecosystem as well, just a one. The English Arthur Tansley coined the word in 1935.
From the word’s history
eco- + system; coined by English botanist Arthur Tansley in 1935.
1935 年由英國植物學家 Tansley 創造，eco- 加 system。
組成eco- + system. Coined by the English botanist Arthur Tansley in 1935, in a paper titled “The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts” in the journal Ecology.
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
ecosystemnoun/ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/
- 1
A system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.
- Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.
- 2
The interconnectedness of organisms (plants, animals, microbes) with each other and their environment.
- 3
A network of interconnected people, organizations, products or services that resembles a natural ecosystem due to the complex interdependencies.
- The company’s ecosystem mainly comprises its supply chain, customers, end consumers and competitors.
- It [The Kashmir Files] is being described by the leftist “liberal” ecosystem as a movie that peddles bigotry against Muslims.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。