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A dune is a hill of sand, built by the wind. You find dunes behind a beach, where grass tries to hold the sand still, and you find huge dunes in the desert, which slowly move.
A dune沙丘 is就是 built by the wind被風堆起來的 a hill of sand一座沙做的小山。You find dunes behind a beach你會在海灘後面看到沙丘,where grass tries to hold the sand still那裡的草試著讓沙子不要亂跑;and you find huge dunes in the desert你也會在沙漠裡看到巨大的沙丘,which slowly move它們會慢慢移動。
The shape is always on the move: wind takes sand from one side and drops it on the other, so a dune can walk, very slowly, across a road or a farm. People plant grass or put up fences to stop coastal dunes blowing inland.
The shape is always on the move這個形狀一直在移動:wind takes sand from one side風把沙子從一邊帶走 and drops it on the other丟到另一邊,so a dune can walk所以沙丘可以 very slowly非常慢地 across a road or a farm走過一條路或一片農地。People人們 plant grass or put up fences會種草或架柵欄,to stop coastal dunes blowing inland來阻止海邊的沙丘被吹向內陸。
The word is simple and physical; it is not a poetic extra for any hill.
The word這個字 is simple and physical很單純、很實體;it is not它不是 a poetic extra for any hill隨便一座山都能用的詩意說法。
A green hill in England is not a dune. A pile of snow is not a dune. It has to be sand, gathered by wind.
A green hill in England英國的一座綠色小山 is not a dune不是沙丘。A pile of snow一堆雪 is not a dune也不是沙丘。It has to be sand它必須是沙子,gathered by wind而且是被風聚集起來的。
There is a famous long book called Dune, set on a desert planet; that title is this same sand-hill word, stretched into a world.
There is a famous long book called Dune有一本有名的長篇小說叫《沙丘》,set on a desert planet故事設定在一顆沙漠行星上;that title is this same sand-hill word這個書名用的就是這個「沙做的小山」的字,stretched into a world被延伸成了一整個世界。
組成Partly from an old local form of down, the hill-word; and partly from Dutch duin or Middle Low German dûne. All of these go back to a West Germanic word for a hill, of uncertain origin — possibly from a Celtic word for a stronghold. Dictionaries call dune and down (the hill) a doublet: two words from one source.
同家族的字
- downin the old sense of a grassy hill; dune and this down are two later shapes of one history
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
dunenoun/djuːn/
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geographygeologygeomorphologyA ridge or hill of sand piled up by currents of wind or water.
- Heavy line segments (lengthened for clarity) indicate locations of deep-sea dunes.
- In the early 2000s, space probes [confirmed Mars as] having dunes […] Their shapes are identical to their Saharan cousins', but they are ten times bigger. In contrast, underwater dunes are a hundred times smaller than their counterparts on solid ground. This universality of dunes is a blessing for physicists: their comparative study confirmed the models that describe the formation of dunes on Earth.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。