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Dualism is the idea that something important comes in two opposite parts, not one mixed thing.
Dualism Dualism（二元論） is the idea就是這種想法 that something important comes in two opposite parts重要的東西是分成兩個相反的部分 not one mixed thing而不是混成一體的一個東西
The famous school example is body and soul, or mind and body: some say they are two different kinds of thing. People also use it for good and evil as two powers, or for any big “two-sides” picture of the world.
The famous school example最有名的課堂例子 is body and soul, or mind and body是身體和靈魂，或是心和身體 some thinkers say有些思想家說 they are two different kinds of thing這兩者是不同種類的東西 People also use it人也會用這個詞 for good and evil as two powers指善和惡是兩股力量 or for any big "two-sides" picture of the world或是任何把世界看成「兩邊」的大架構
It is a classroom and essay word, not a kitchen-table word.
It is它是 a classroom and essay word課堂和論文裡會用的詞 not a kitchen-table word不是飯桌上會聊的詞
Though actually, writers sometimes use dualism loosely just to mean “seeing everything as two camps,” even when they are not talking about a real theory. That looser use is common; a philosophy teacher would want the tighter one.
Though actually不過其實 writers sometimes use dualism loosely作家有時候會鬆散地用dualism這個詞 just to mean "seeing everything as two camps"只是指「把一切都看成兩個陣營」 even when they are not talking about a real theory即使他們講的不是真正的理論 That looser use這種比較鬆的用法 is common很常見 a philosophy teacher哲學老師 would want the tighter one會希望用比較嚴謹的那種
原始詞典資料5 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
dualismnoun
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Duality; the condition of being double.
- By breaking free of it, historians could shed the dualisms that now entrap them, and escape the declensionism - the longing for the lost alternative
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human-sciencesphilosophysciencesThe view that the world consists of, or is explicable in terms of, two fundamental principles, such as mind and matter or good and evil.
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lifestylereligiontheologyThe belief that the world is ruled by a pair of antagonistic forces, such as good and evil; the belief that man has two basic natures, the physical and the spiritual.
- The same conflict between the monism of temporal theorists and the dualism of ecclesiastical thinkers—the same opposition of organic to symbiotic union—occurred in the ninth century.
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The legal doctrine that international law must be transposed into domestic law to have effect.
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datedchemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesThe theory, originated by Lavoisier and developed by Berzelius, that all definite compounds are binary in their nature, and consist of two distinct constituents, themselves simple or complex, and having opposite chemical or electrical affinities.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。