When something is disruptive, it gets in the way and stops things going on as usual. A phone going off in class is disruptive. A strike can be disruptive to trains. The feeling of the word is usually negative: you have broken the flow, and people are annoyed.

When something is disruptive當一件事是 disruptive 的時候， it gets in the way它會擋在路中間 and stops things going on as usual讓事情沒辦法照原本的樣子進行。 A phone going off in class上課時手機響了 is disruptive就是一種 disruptive。 A strike罷工 can be disruptive to trains可能會打亂火車的運行。 The feeling of the word is usually negative這個字給人的感覺通常是負面的：you have broken the flow你打斷了原本的節奏， and people are annoyed而且人們會覺得不耐煩。

Though actually, business and tech people gave it a second, almost proud meaning. From the 1990s, writers such as Clayton Christensen talked about “disruptive” new products: they start small and cheap, then grow so fast that old companies cannot keep doing things the old way.

Though actually不過其實， business and tech people gave it a second, almost proud meaning商業和科技圈的人給了它第二個、幾乎帶點驕傲意味的意思。 From the 1990s從一九九○年代開始， writers such as Clayton Christensen talked about "disruptive" new products像 Clayton Christensen 這樣的作者，就在談論「disruptive」的新產品：they start small and cheap這些產品一開始小又便宜， then grow so fast that old companies cannot keep doing things the old way後來成長得太快，老公司沒辦法再用舊方法做下去。

In a school report, disruptive behaviour is a problem. In a start-up meeting, a disruptive idea may be a compliment. Same word; you have to hear who is speaking.

In a school report在學校的成績單上， disruptive behaviour is a problemdisruptive behaviour（搗亂行為）是個問題。 In a start-up meeting在新創公司的會議上， a disruptive idea may be a complimenta disruptive idea（顛覆性的點子）可能反而是一種讚美。 Same word同一個字；you have to hear who is speaking你得聽聽是誰在說話。

It is a normal adjective in news, schools, and offices — not slang, not poetic.

It is a normal adjective in news, schools, and offices它在新聞、學校，還有辦公室裡是個很普通的形容詞——not slang, not poetic不是俚語，也不是詩意的用字。