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If a hollow part of the body dilates, it becomes wider. Something can also dilate it. Doctors use this constantly: pupils dilate in the dark, or when drops are put in; blood vessels dilate when you are hot; in childbirth the cervix dilates so the baby can come out.
If a hollow part of the body dilates如果身體的一個中空部位dilate，it becomes wider它會變寬。Something can also dilate it某個東西也可以讓它dilate（把它撐開）。Doctors use this constantly醫生一直在用這個字：pupils dilate in the dark, or when drops are put in瞳孔在黑暗中，或滴了藥水之後會dilate放大；blood vessels dilate when you are hot血管在你很熱的時候會dilate擴張；in childbirth the cervix dilates so the baby can come out生產時子宮頸會dilate張開，好讓嬰兒能出來。
It is a biology and hospital word in this sense, not a playground word.
It is a biology and hospital word in this sense這個意思是生物學和醫院用語，not a playground word不是小孩子在操場上會用的字。
There is an older use too, to dilate on a subject, meaning to talk about it at length — to spread the words out — though students meet the body meaning far more. A different, rarer history once also gave English a dilate meaning “to delay”; that is not this sense, and you can leave it alone.
There is an older bookish use too還有一個比較老、偏書面的用法：to dilate on a subject叫做to dilate on a subject針對一個主題dilate，meaning to talk about it at length意思是很詳細地講這個主題——to spread the words out把話展開來講——though students meet the body meaning far more不過學生碰到身體那個意思的機會多很多。A different, rarer history once also gave English a dilate meaning "to delay"另外還有一個不同、更少見的字源，曾經讓英文有過一個dilate意思是「延遲」，that is not this sense這不是這裡講的意思，and you can leave it alone你可以不用管它。
原始詞典資料7 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
dilateverb詞源 1/daɪˈleɪt/
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To enlarge; to make bigger.
- The eye doctor put drops in my eye to dilate the pupil so he could see the nerve better.
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To become wider or larger; to expand.
- His heart dilates and glories in his strength.
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To speak largely and copiously; to dwell in narration; to enlarge; with "on" or "upon".
- Do me the favour to dilate at full / What hath befallen of them and thee till now.
- But still they on their ancient joys dilate.
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medicinesciencesTo use a dilator to widen (something, such as a vagina).
- An experimenter in New York has recently advocated what he is pleased to call temporary forcible dilatation of the trachea in the treatment of membranous croup, his idea being to introduce into the trachea a dilator and to forcibly dilate, every few hours if need be, and he reports favorable results.
- In very tight and obstinate stricture I sometimes dilate every day, but as soon as it has been stretched up to 23 or 24, I dilate every other day, or at greater intervals, keeping the instrument in place several minutes.
dilateverb詞源 2
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obsoleteTo delay, defer.
- Without more time delated.
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obsoleteTo prolong, lengthen.
- A […] way to dilate a remembrance beyond the banks of Forgetfulness.
dilateadj詞源 3
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archaicobsoleteCarried in different ways, spread, abroad, dispersed, published.
- Returne the lords this voyce, we aré their creature : And it is fit, a good, and honeſt prince, Whom they, out of their bounty, haue inſtucted With ſo dilate, and abſolute a power, Should owe the office of it, to their ſeruice ; And good of all, and euery citizen.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。