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As an adjective, differential describes something that is not the same for everyone or everything — it shows a real difference (differential pay means different people get paid different amounts for different reasons). As a noun, it has two special uses: in math, it's a small part of a topic called calculus that studies how things change; in a car, the differential is a part that lets the two wheels on one side spin at slightly different speeds when turning a corner.
差別的、有差異的（形容詞）；微分（數學）；差速器（汽車零件）
同家族的字
- differthe base verb — differential describes something built around a difference
- differencethe noun for the gap or unlikeness itself
原始詞典資料14 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
differentialadj[dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ]
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Of or pertaining to a difference.
- differential characteristics
- I saved disk space by taking differential backups, which only stored the data that had changed.
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Dependent on, or making a difference; distinctive.
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Having differences in speed or direction of motion.
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mathematicssciencesOf or pertaining to differentiation or the differential calculus.
differentialnoun[dɪfəˈɹənʃəɫ]
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The differential gear in an automobile, etc.
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A qualitative or quantitative difference between similar or comparable things.
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One of two coils of conducting wire so related to one another or to a magnet or armature common to both, that one coil produces polar action contrary to that of the other.
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A form of conductor used for dividing and distributing the current to a series of electric lamps so as to maintain equal action in all.
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calculusmathematicssciencesA quantity representing an infinitesimal change in a variable, now only used as a heuristic aid except in nonstandard analysis but considered rigorous until the 20th century; a fluxion in Newtonian calculus, now usually written in Leibniz's notation as operatorname d!x.
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calculusmathematicssciencesA function giving the change in the linear approximation of f at a point x over a small interval Δx or operatorname d!x, the function being called the differential of f and denoted operatorname d!f(x,Δx), operatorname d!f(x), or simply operatorname d!f.
- If f(x)#61;x², the differential of f is the function #92;operatorname#123;d#125;#92;#33;f(x,#92;Deltax)#61;f'(x)#92;Deltax#61;2x#92;Deltax.
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calculusmathematicssciencesA function giving the change in the linear approximation of f at a point x over a small interval Δx or operatorname d!x, the function being called the differential of f and denoted operatorname d!f(x,Δx), operatorname d!f(x), or simply operatorname d!f.
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The Jacobian matrix of a function of several variables.
另外 2 個記錄的用法
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The pushforward or total derivative of ϕ: a linear map from the tangent space at a point x in ϕ's domain to the tangent space at ϕ(x) which is, in a technical sense, the best linear approximation of ϕ at x; denoted operatorname d!ϕₓ.
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mathematicssciencesAny of several generalizations of the concept(s) above: e.g. the Kähler differential in the setting of schemes, the quadratic differential in the theory of Riemann surfaces, etc.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。