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Congenital describes a condition someone is born with, present from birth. It's a medical word — 'a congenital heart problem' means the person had it from birth, whether or not it's genetic. That's a common mix-up: congenital just means 'from birth', not necessarily 'inherited from parents' — a birth condition can also come from something that happened during pregnancy.
先天性的（出生時即有）
組成con- (with, together) + genit (Latin 'gignere/genitus', to beget, be born) + -al
同家族的字
- geneticshares the Latin 'gen-' root, meaning birth/origin
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
congenitaladj/kənˈdʒɛnɪt(ə)l/
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Of a trait or a disease, present since birth.
- Every town the size of Maycomb had families like the Ewells. No economic fluctuations changed their status—people like the Ewells lived as guests of the county in prosperity as well as in the depths of a depression. No truant officers could keep their numerous offspring in school; no public health officer could free them from congenital defects, various worms, and the diseases indigenous to filthy surroundings.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。