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Caudal means "about the tail" — the back end of an animal. A fish's caudal fin is its tail fin, the one that pushes it through the water. In science writing, caudal can also mean "toward the tail end" of a body, even in animals that do not have a long tail you can see. You will almost never hear this in the shop or the playground; it lives in biology class, animal-doctor notes, and medical papers. Everyday English just says tail.
尾的、尾部的（生物／解剖用語；魚的 caudal fin 就是尾鰭）
組成Borrowed from Latin caudālis, "having a tail", from cauda, "tail". It does not split into English pieces you can use on their own.
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
caudaladj/ˈkɔːdəl/
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biologynatural-scienceszoologyPertaining to the tail or posterior or hind part of a body.
- The male widow-bird, remarkable for his caudal plumes, […]
- Dassoud […] stepped forward with a lash composed of the caudal appendages of half a dozen wildebeests.
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Toward the tail end (hind end) of the body; in bipeds such as humans, this direction corresponds to inferior.
caudalnoun/ˈkɔːdəl/
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A caudal vertebra.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。