Calvinism is the Christian teaching that follows John Calvin, a French church leader in the 1500s.

Calvinism加爾文主義 is是 that follows跟隨 John Calvin, a French church leader in the 1500s十六世紀法國教會領袖約翰·加爾文 the Christian teaching的基督教教義

At its heart is the claim that God already rules what happens on earth, including who will be saved, and that people cannot rewrite that plan.

At its heart它最核心的 is是 the claim主張 that God already rules神已經掌管了 what happens on earth地上發生的事 including who will be saved包括誰會得救 and that people cannot rewrite而人無法改寫 that plan這個計畫

Reformed and Presbyterian churches grew from this root, though actually not every church with that history teaches it in the hardest form today.

Reformed and Presbyterian churches改革宗和長老教會 grew from this root都是從這個源頭發展出來的 though actually不過其實 not every church with that history不是每個有這段歷史的教會 teaches it in the hardest form today現在都用最強硬的方式在教這個教義

In loose English, calling someone Calvinist can just mean they sound strict about duty or fate; that stretch is everyday talk, not careful church language. The word lives in history class, theology, and news about churches, not in casual chat.

In loose English在比較鬆散的英文用法裡 calling someone Calvinist說某人是Calvinist can just mean可能只是說 they sound strict about duty or fate這個人在責任或命運上聽起來很嚴格 that stretch這種延伸用法 is是 everyday talk日常說法 not careful church language不是嚴謹的教會用語 The word這個字 lives in出現在 history class, theology, and news about churches歷史課、神學，還有教會相關的新聞裡 not in casual chat不會出現在平常聊天中