One way to hold this word: a place first, and then a label. Bordeaux is a port city and the growing country around it in south-west France. English took the place name and stuck it on things that come out of that place — the wine, then the deep red of that wine, then a plant spray whose recipe carries the same regional name. Every later meaning is the place name travelling with something.
Borrowed from French Bordeaux (Middle French Bordeaulx), from Occitan Bordeu, from Old Occitan Bordel, from Latin Burdigala, from a Proto-Celtic root. It was a place name before it was anything else.
英文的 Bordeaux 借自法文 Bordeaux（中古法文 Bordeaulx），再往前是奧克語 Bordèu、古奧克語 Bordel，最早是拉丁文 Burdigala，源頭為原始凱爾特語。它從頭到尾先是地名，其他用法都後來才長出來。
Wiktionary etymology supplied in this packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1201409823:18502)
Two branches
地方本身
這一支就是核心本身：法國西南部的港口城市和它周圍的地區。
noun · C1
A port city in the south-west of France, and the area around it. It is the main city of the Gironde department and of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, and it is known for its food and for the wine made there.
波爾多（法國西南部城市與地區）
那裡出產的酒，以及酒的顏色
地名被貼到那裡出產的酒上，之後又從酒延伸到那種酒的顏色。
noun · C1
A wine that comes from the Bordeaux area in the south-west of France. The name is the name of the place, so it tells you where the wine was made, not what it tastes like.
波爾多葡萄酒