- 1剋星；禍根（最常聽到 the bane of my existence：怎麼都擺脫不了、讓我最頭痛的那件事）
A bane is the thing that keeps making your life harder or sadder. It is not a one-day nuisance. It is the trouble that comes back: a noisy street, a slow computer, a class that always catches you out. People love the set phrase "the bane of my existence," meaning the thing that spoils their whole life — though they often say it with a small laugh, not as if they were dying. The word feels a little old and a little big, so you meet it more in writing and careful talk than in fast chat. Though actually, bane once meant a killer, or a poison. That darker job still hides in plant names such as wolfsbane. In ordinary talk now, almost nobody means real death. They mean, this is the story of my headaches. There is a rare verb built from the noun; the noun is the one you need.
From the word’s history
From Middle English bane, from Old English bana 'killer, murderer'.
源自古英文 bana「殺手、兇手」，後指禍根。
組成From Old English bana, a person or thing that causes death, from an older Germanic word for a killer. That probably goes back, a long way, to a root meaning to strike or slay. Today's milder "source of trouble" grew out of that start. The verb comes from the noun.
同家族的字
- banefulbane + -ful: full of bane, so harmful
- wolfsbanea plant; the bane piece still keeps the old "poison / killer" meaning
- henbaneanother plant name that keeps that same old "poison" piece
原始詞典資料12 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Banename
- 1
A surname.
banenoun詞源 1/beɪn/
- 1
A cause of misery or ruin.
- the bane of one’s existence
- Money, thou bane of bliſſe, & ſourſe of vvo, / VVhence com'ſt thou, that thou art ſo freſh and fine? / I knovv thy parentage is baſe and lovv: / Man found thee poore and dirtie in a mine.
- 2
archaicChiefly in the names of poisonous plants or substances: a poison.
- For my part I would rather counſell you to deſtroy your Rattes and Miſe with Traps, Banes, or Weeſels: for beſides the ſluttiſhneſſe & lothſomeneſſe of the Catte (you know what ſhe layes in the Malt heape) ſhe is moſt daungerous and pernicious among children, as I mee ſelf haue had good experience.
- In dairie no cat, / Laie bane for a rat. / […] / Take heede how thou laieſt, the bane for the rats, / for poiſoning ſeruant, thy ſelfe and thy brats.
- 3
Misery, woe; also, doom, ruin; or physical injury, harm.
- Hath ſome fond lover tic'd [i.e., enticed] thee to thy bane? / And vvilt thou leave the Church, and love a ſtie?
- He finds out, soon enough for his weal and his bane, that he is stronger than Nature: and right tyrannously and irreverently he lords it over her, clearing, delving, dyking, building, without fear or shame.
- 4
dialectalbiologymedicinenatural-sciencesA disease of sheep in which breakdown of tissue occurs; rot.
- 5
obsoleteA person or thing that causes death or destruction; a killer, a murderer, a slayer.
- We haue alſo had experience yͭ the deſire of a kingdõe [kingdome] knoweth no kindred. The brother hath bene the brothers bane.
- Let Rome her ſelfe bee bane vnto her ſelfe, / And ſhee vvhome mightie kingdomes curſie [curtsey] too, / Like a forlorne and deſperate caſt avvay, / Doe ſhamefull execution on her ſelfe.
- 6
obsoleteDeath; destruction; (countable) an instance of this.
- I vvill not be affraid of Death and Bane, / Till Birnane Forreſt come to Dunſinane.
- [I]f now again intoxicated and moaped with theſe royal, and therefore ſo delicious becauſe royal rudiments of bondage, the cup of deception, ſpiced and tempered to their bane, they ſhould deliver up themſelves to theſe glozing words and illuſions of him, vvhoſe rage and utmoſt violence they have ſuſtained, and overcome ſo nobly.
baneverb詞源 1/beɪn/
- 1
archaicTo physically injure (someone or something); to harm, to hurt.
- Think when thou ſéeſt the baite whereon is thy delite, / That hidden Hookes are hard at hande to bane thee when thou bite.
- Novv if a ſhepherd knovv not vvhich graſs vvill bane, or vvhich not, hovv is he fit to be a ſhepherd? VVherefore the Parſon hath throughly canvaſſed al the particulars of humane actions, at leaſt thoſe vvhich he obſerveth are moſt incident to his Pariſh.
- 2
archaicTo cause (someone) misery or ruin; to socially or spiritually injure (someone).
- It [covetousness] annoyeth our Phiſitions, it infecteth our Diuines, it choaketh our Lawiers, it woundeth our Farmers, it baneth our Gentlemen, it murdereth our Tradeſmen, it bewitcheth our Merchants, it ſtingeth our Marriners. Oh couetouſneſſe, couetouſneſſe: it is the poyſon of all things, the wound of Chriſtianitie, the bane of all goodneſſe.
- 3
dialectalbiologymedicinenatural-sciencesTo cause (sheep) a disease, especially the rot (“a disease in which breakdown of tissue occurs”).
- 4
obsoleteTo kill (a person or animal), especially by poison.
- Aconit is of two ſortes (as Dioſcorides writeth) the one is named Aconitum Pardalianches, that is to ſay, Aconite that baneth, or killeth Panthers.
- VVhat if my houſe be troubled vvith a Rat, / And I be pleas'd to giue ten thouſand ducats / To have it baind?
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。