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A bail-in is a way of trying to save a bank — or another money business — when it is in trouble, by making the people who are already owed money take some of the loss. Part of what they are owed is not paid back, or is turned into shares, so the bank can keep going. The word was built to stand against bailout: in a bailout, help comes from outside, often from the government and taxpayers; in a bail-in, the pain stays inside, with the bank's own lenders and owners. You will meet it in news about finance and law, not in everyday chat. It is a specialist word, quite formal.
內部紓困（相對 bailout 的政府紓困／外部紓困）
組成Built from bail + in, on purpose to contrast with the older word bailout.
同家族的字
- bailoutthe older opposite: help from outside, often from government, instead of the bank's own creditors taking the loss
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
bail-innoun
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The process of saving a bank from insolvency by making use of its internal resources (such as client deposits).
- A “bail-in” process for bank resolution is a potentially powerful “third option” that confronts this problem head-on. It would give officials the authority to force banks to recapitalise from within, using private capital, not public money.
- Alternatively, where losses are not completely transferred to other creditors, the resolution fund can provide a contribution to the bank in order to cover the losses not absorbed through the bail-in and the capital shortfall, as well as to buy shares or other capital instruments of the bank under resolution in order to recapitalise it.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。