- 1
A backlash is a strong push-back from a lot of people against something that has just happened — a new law, a new rule at work, a film, a brand, a change in how people are told to live. It is not one person’s quiet dislike. It is a wave: anger, protest, boycotts, sharp talk in the news.
A backlash is a strong push-back from a lot of people against something that has just happenedA backlash是指很多人針對剛發生的某件事強烈地反彈回去 a new law, a new rule at work, a film, a brand, a change in how people are told to live像新的法律、公司新的規定、一部電影、一個品牌，或是人們被要求生活方式的改變 It is not one person's quiet dislike這不是一個人小小的不喜歡而已 It is a wave這是一股浪潮 anger, protest, boycotts, sharp talk in the news憤怒、抗議、抵制，還有新聞裡尖銳的批評
You hear it most about and society: a policy “sparks a backlash”; a public person “faces a backlash.” The feeling underneath is that the change went too far, or too fast, and now a crowd is striking back. It is a newspaper and meeting-room word, not playground talk, but it is not stiff or academic.
You hear it most about politics and society你最常在政治和社會議題裡聽到它 a policy 'sparks a backlash'一項政策"sparks a backlash"（引發反彈） a public person 'faces a backlash'一個公眾人物"faces a backlash"（面對反彈） The feeling underneath is that the change went too far, or too fast背後的感覺是這個改變太過頭或太快了 and now a crowd is striking back現在有一群人要反擊回去 It is a newspaper and meeting-room word, not playground talk這是報紙和會議室裡會用的字不是操場閒聊的話 but it is not stiff or academic但它也不僵硬或學術
Though actually, there is an older, more physical sense still used by engineers: in gears, backlash is the little leftover movement before the teeth bite — slack that “lashes” the other way. The people-meaning grew from that picture of a whip or a strike coming back at you. As a verb it is less common; most people still say there was a backlash, rather than “it backlashed.”
Though actually不過其實 there is an older, more physical sense still used by engineers還有一個比較古早、比較物理性的意思工程師現在還在用 in gears, backlash is the little leftover movement before the teeth bite在齒輪裡backlash是指齒輪咬合前那一點多餘的間隙 slack that 'lashes' the other way也就是會往另一個方向「甩」回來的鬆動空間 The people-meaning grew from that picture of a whip or a strike coming back at you指人的那個意思就是從鞭子或打擊反彈回來打到你這個畫面長出來的 As a verb it is less common當動詞用比較少見 most people still say there was a backlash大部分人還是會說there was a backlash（發生了一次反彈） rather than 'it backlashed'而不是說"it backlashed"
組成From back- + lash: back- for the returning direction, lash for a strike, as with a whip.
同家族的字
- lashto strike, as with a whip; here the strike is the one that comes back at you
原始詞典資料5 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
backlashnoun/ˈbækˌlæʃ/
- 1
A suddenly reversed or backward motion, such as of a rope or elastic band when it snaps under tension.
- 2
A negative reaction, objection or outcry, especially of a violent or abrupt nature.
- The public backlash to the proposal was quick and insistent.
- 3
engineeringmechanical-engineeringmechanicsThe looseness through which one part of connected machinery, such as a wheel, gear, piston, or screw, can be moved without moving the connected parts, or a measurement of the distance moved thereby; either intentional (as allowance) or unintentional (from error or wear).
- ... the word "backlash" is used in the extended sense in which it is understood in Lancashire and Yorkshire , including not only backlash proper , but also break of contact between the working faces of the teeth of the two wheels when the driven wheel overruns the driver without actual backlash . To place rope or belt drums of any considerable size upon shafts driven by spur gearing is nearly always dangerous.
- 4
engineeringmechanical-engineeringmechanicsThe jarring or reflex motion caused in badly fitting machinery by irregularities in velocity or a reverse of motion.
- In ...breakages from high speed and irregular pitch, ten out of the eleven wheels had spur segments moulded from patterns, instead of by machinery; and in three of the ten the teeth were cast upon the felks, and were twisted and drawn, as they generally are when cast in this way, by the contraction of the mass of metal of which they form a part. In every instance the speed was high, and in several cases there was more or less backlash or over-running.
backlashverb/ˈbækˌlæʃ/
- 1
To perform a backlash, to lash back in reaction to some cause.
- 1894 William Westall. Tinkler. Ludgate Illustrated Magazine. Vol VIII Thrutch factory was a queer old concern. It had been built piecemeal-here a bit and there a bit. There were a new end and an old end, the spinning-rooms in the one being light and lofty, in the other low. and gloomy. Looms were shoved in everywhere. There were a "long shop" with three hundred, a "top shop" with a hundred, a "back shop" with fifty-three, and a "little shop" with fifteen. Never was its equal for gearing. Shafts were everywhere inside and out, overground and underground, climbing snake-like up the walls, and boring into the roofs; spurwheels, great and small, whirled, clashed and "backlashed" all over the place.
- Just as it began to get dusk and the shadows from the trees deepening the twilight that had already spread over the lake, giving a peculiarly lonesome effect that water always has upon the approach of night, Uncle succeeded in getting out the longest cast he had yet made — about seventy-five feet. Unfortunately, or perhaps I should say fortunately, his reel over-ran and backlashed for him. Patiently he set about untangling his line; I resting the oars and holding the boat stationary.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。