Alcoholism is the medical condition of being an alcoholic: not being able to control drinking. It is not 'having too much at a wedding'; it is when alcohol has a lasting hold — craving, not being able to stop, harm to health, work, or family.

AlcoholismAlcoholism is the medical condition of being an alcoholic是指一個人患有酒精成癮這種醫學上的狀況：not being able to control drinking也就是沒辦法控制自己喝酒。It is not 'having too much at a wedding'它不是「在婚禮上喝太多」這種事；it is when alcohol has a lasting hold而是酒精對這個人有一種持續的掌控——craving想喝的渴望、not being able to stop停不下來、harm to health, work, or family對健康、工作、或家庭造成傷害。

Doctors today often say alcohol use disorder, which covers a range from milder trouble to deep dependence. Though actually, everyday English still uses alcoholism and alcoholic, and those words can sound like a moral judgment even when the speaker means a medical problem.

Doctors today often say現在的醫生常常說 alcohol use disorderalcohol use disorder（酒精使用障礙症），which covers a range from milder trouble to deep dependence這個說法涵蓋從比較輕微的問題到嚴重成癮的整個範圍。Though actually不過其實，everyday English still uses alcoholism and alcoholic日常英文還是會用alcoholism和alcoholic這兩個字，and those words can sound like a moral judgment而這些字聽起來可能像在做道德評斷，even when the speaker means a medical problem即使說話的人指的是醫學上的問題。

The word is serious and mostly neutral-to-formal: news, clinics, careful talk. It is not slang, and it is not a joke.

The word is serious這個字很嚴肅，and mostly neutral-to-formal大多偏中性到正式：news, clinics, careful talk用在新聞、診所、還有講究一點的談話裡。It is not slang它不是俚語，and it is not a joke也不是拿來開玩笑的。