Afghanistan is a country in Asia that does not touch the sea. Pakistan lies to its east and south, Iran to its west, and several countries sit to its north. The capital is Kabul. People from there are Afghans; the main languages you will hear about are Dari and Pashto.

Afghanistan是 is a country in Asia that does not touch the sea是亞洲一個不靠海的國家。Pakistan lies to its east and south巴基斯坦在它的東邊和南邊，Iran to its west伊朗在它的西邊，and several countries sit to its north北邊則有好幾個國家。The capital is Kabul首都是喀布爾。People from there are Afghans那裡的人叫 Afghans（阿富汗人）；the main languages you will hear about are Dari and Pashto你會聽到的主要語言是達里語（Dari）和普什圖語（Pashto）。

In many English textbooks the country appears as a place of long wars: the Soviet army went in in 1979, later the United States and others fought there, and the Taliban now hold power again.

In many English textbooks在很多英文教材裡，the country appears as a place of long wars這個國家被描繪成一個長期戰亂的地方：the Soviet army went in in 1979蘇聯軍隊在1979年進入，later the United States and others fought there後來美國和其他國家也在那裡打過仗，and the Taliban now hold power again而塔利班現在又重新掌權。

Though actually, Afghanistan is not only a war story. It sits on old trade roads, much of the land is high and mountainous, and people have farmed, traded, and made things there for centuries. Population numbers in older books go stale after years of fighting and people leaving, so treat one figure as a snapshot, not a forever fact.

Though actually不過事實上 Afghanistan is not only a war story阿富汗不只是一個戰爭故事。It sits on old trade roads它座落在古老的貿易路線上，much of the land is high and mountainous大部分土地是高地和山區，and people have farmed, traded, and made things there for centuries幾百年來人們在那裡務農、貿易、和製造東西。Population numbers in older books go stale舊書裡的人口數字會過時，after years of fighting and people leaving因為多年戰亂和人口外移，so treat one figure as a snapshot, not a forever fact所以要把某個數字當成當下的一個快照，而不是永遠不變的事實。

Say Afghanistan for the country. Afghan is the usual word for a person and for the adjective (Afghan food, an Afghan friend).

Say Afghanistan for the country國家名稱說 Afghanistan。Afghan is the usual word for a person and for the adjective而 Afghan 是指人和當形容詞時常用的字 (Afghan food, an Afghan friend)（Afghan food 阿富汗食物, an Afghan friend 一位阿富汗朋友）。