- 1受格（文法）。語言學有時也說對格；中國大陸課本常用「賓格」。
In some languages, a noun changes shape to show its job in the sentence. The accusative is the shape that says “this is the thing the verb is acting on” — the direct object — and sometimes the object of a preposition. You meet it in Latin, German, Greek, Russian, and other case languages. English has almost given this system up, though actually we still have a little left: him, her, them, me, us sit in that object slot, while he, she, they, I, we do not. Teachers also say “accusative case.” The name looks like accuse because Latin built accūsātīvus by copying a Greek grammar word, and it sits on the same Latin verb as accuse. It is not about blaming people.
組成From Latin accūsātīvus, a copy of the Greek grammar name αἰτιατική, built on accūsō (“I call to account, I accuse”) + the ending -īvus. English took it through French and Middle English.
同家族的字
- accusesame Latin verb accūsō, but accusative is a grammar label, not a blaming word
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
accusativeadj/əˈkjuːzətɪv/
- 1
Producing accusations; in a manner that reflects a finding of fault or blame
- This hath been a very accusative age.
- The proprietor of the store was rude, insulting and accusative.
- 2
grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsApplied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin, Lithuanian and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on which the action or influence of a transitive verb has its limited influence. Other parts of speech, including secondary or predicate direct objects, will also influence a sentence’s construction. In German the case used for direct objects.
accusativenoun/əˈkjuːzətɪv/
- 1
grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsThe accusative case.
- 2
grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsA word inflected in the accusative case.
- 65 mošu tat̰ ās nōit̮ darəγəm yat̰ . . ‘quickly it (tat̰) happened, it (was) not long till . . . — drūm avantəm airištəm: according to Bartholomae IF. 12. 146 the author of this part was led to use accusatives here (instead of nominatives) by the preceding sentence yezi ǰum frapayeni.
- There is some antecedent in old Latin; but as usual the influence is Greek too, for Greek prose and poetry freely use accusatives which are to some extent adverbial accusatives, or accusatives of respect.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。