- 1美軍「4-F」免役體位。台灣說「免役」或「體位不合格」，是另一套制度。
In the United States, 4-F is an old army label from the draft — the time when the country called young men into the military. Doctors and officers put each man in a group. 1-A meant “fit; we may take you.” 4-F meant the opposite: this person may not join, because of the body, the mind, or the person’s record.
“Physical” could mean a heart problem, very bad eyes, or a body the army did not want. “Mental” could mean illness of the mind, or a test score the army called too low. “Moral” is the messy one. It was about the kind of life the army judged — a crime record, for example. In older times the army also used this box for things many people today would not accept as fair, such as being gay. So the tidy word “moral” hid a lot of judging.
The United States has not used a real draft since the 1970s, but the name still lives in stories, films, and family talk: “He was 4-F, so he stayed home.” Younger Americans may know it only from history class. It is not daily chat in Taiwan, but you will meet it in US books and films about those wars.
「4-F」是美國舊時徵兵制度裡的軍方分類標籤。徵兵時，醫官和軍官會把每個人分組：「1-A」表示體格合格、可能會被徵召；「4-F」則相反，表示這個人因身體、心理或個人紀錄而不能入伍。身體上的理由可能是心臟問題或視力很差，心理上的理由可能是精神疾病或測驗分數太低，而道德上的理由最複雜，指軍方判斷的生活方式，例如犯罪紀錄。
早期軍方也用這個分類處理今天許多人不認為公平的事，例如同性戀身分，所以看似整齊的「道德」一類，其實隱藏了許多評斷。美國自 1970 年代起已不再實施真正的徵兵，但這個名稱仍出現在故事、電影和家庭談話裡，例如「He was 4-F, so he stayed home.」（他是 4-F，所以待在家裡）。在台灣不是日常會聽到的詞；台灣有自己的「免役」制度，但在談那些戰爭的美國書籍和電影裡會遇到它。
組成Not a normal English word with a prefix and a tail. It is a code from the old US draft: class 4, group F, meaning “not fit to serve.” Everyday talk sometimes hears the F next to “fail,” but that is folk talk, not a tidy official spelling-out.
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
- 4F
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。